根据《中华人民共和国专利法》、《中华人民共和国专利法实施细则》规定,专利权可以许可实施,专利权实施许可可分为以下几种类型:

一、独占许可。

是指权利人与被允许使用人在合同中约定的时间和地域内,只允许被许可方实施该专利技术,其他任何人不得行使其专利技术。在这种情形下,专利权人在规定的时间和地域内亦丧失自己专利技术的使用权。

二、排他许可。

是指权利人与被允许使用人在合同中约定的时间和地域内,只有专利权人和被允许使用人有权使用该专利,其他任何人无权使用该专利。

三、普通许可,也叫一般许可,非独占许可。

是指权利人与被允许使用人使用其专利外,权利人还可以允许第三人使用其专利。

四、分许可。

是指专利权人和被允许使用人可以使用其专利,同时专利权人和被许可使用人都有权允许其他人使用其专利。

五、交叉许可,也称相互实施许可。

是指两个专利权人互相允许对方在约定的时间和地域、范围内实施自己的专利,换句话说,就是甲允许乙实施甲的专利,乙允许甲行使乙的专利。

According to the provisions of the "Patent Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Implementation Rules of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China", patent rights can be licensed for implementation, and patent rights can be divided into the following types:


1. Exclusive license.


It means that only the licensee is allowed to implement the patented technology within the time and area agreed in the contract, and no one else may exercise the patented technology. In this case, the patentee also loses the right to use his patented technology within the prescribed time and area.


2. Exclusive permission.


It means that only the patentee and the permitted user have the right to use the patent within the time and area agreed in the contract between the right holder and the permitted user, and no one else has the right to use the patent.


3. General license, also called general license, non-exclusive license.


It means that in addition to the right holder and the allowed user to use his patent, the right holder can also allow a third person to use his patent.


4. Sub-licensing.


It means that the patentee and the permitted user can use the patent, and both the patentee and the licensed user have the right to allow others to use the patent.


5. Cross licensing, also called mutual license.


It means that two patentees allow each other to implement their own patents within the agreed time, territory, and scope. In other words, A allows B to implement A’s patent, and B allows A to exercise B’s patent.